Paneer is a beloved staple in Indian kitchens — whether it’s tossed into spicy gravies or served grilled in tikkas, this soft cottage cheese is a must-have in countless dishes. But a disturbing trend has surfaced: fake or synthetic paneer is increasingly being used in place of the real thing.

Known as analogue paneer, this cheaper, non-dairy substitute is often made from low-grade vegetable oils, starch, and emulsifiers. It looks similar to real paneer but lacks its nutritional value and poses serious health risks.

What is Fake Paneer (Analogue Paneer)?

Fake paneer, also referred to as analogue or synthetic paneer, is not made from milk. Instead, it’s a processed product created using vegetable fats, starches, emulsifiers, and other additives to replicate the appearance and texture of traditional paneer.

While it may be marketed as “fit for tikka and gravy dishes,” it lacks the protein, calcium, and healthy fats found in real, milk-curdled paneer.

Why It’s a Growing Concern in India

Several alarming incidents have raised public awareness:

• February 2025: A food vlogger from Haryana (@nikhilspreads) demonstrated how fake paneer turned black when iodine solution was applied, revealing its starch content.
• January 2025: Over 800 kg of adulterated paneer was confiscated by police in a raid at a Rajkot factory.
• October 2024: Zomato’s B2B platform, Hyperpure, was criticized for selling “Analogue Paneer” to restaurants. Though the product was labeled as such, the backlash raised concerns about its use in commercial kitchens.

Health Risks of Fake Paneer

Nutrition experts warn that consuming fake paneer can cause:

• Heart Disease: Due to trans fats and hydrogenated oils.
• Type 2 Diabetes: As trans fats may cause insulin resistance.
• Digestive Issues: Including bloating, nausea, and diarrhea.
• Nutrient Deficiency: It lacks essential proteins and calcium.
• Long-Term Illnesses: Poor-quality fats can lead to chronic inflammation, a known trigger for diseases like cancer and cardiovascular disorders.

“Fake paneer is often made using starch and synthetic milk, which do not offer any nutritional benefits. Regular consumption can weaken immunity and cause serious health problems,” says Dr. Meghana Reddy, a Hyderabad-based nutritionist.

How to Identify Fake Paneer: 7 Simple Tests

1. Smell & Taste Test

• Real Paneer: Mild, milky aroma with a neutral taste.
• Fake Paneer: May smell soapy or chemical-like, with a bitter aftertaste.

2. Texture Check

• Real Paneer: Firm, breaks cleanly without stretching.
• Fake Paneer: Rubbery, stretchy, or unusually soft due to synthetic fillers.

3. Hot Water Test

Place a piece in hot water for a few minutes:

• • Real Paneer: Stays soft and intact.
  • Fake Paneer: May dissolve, turn slimy, or release oil.

4. Iodine Test (for Starch Detection)

• Add iodine solution to a small piece of paneer:
  
  • Turns blue/black: Contains starch → Fake.
  • No color change: Likely real.

5. Frying Test

• Fry a cube in oil:
  
  • Real Paneer: Turns golden brown evenly.
  • Fake Paneer: Remains white, becomes hard, or releases excess oil.

6. Toor Dal Water Test

• Add boiled paneer to water with toor dal and wait 10 minutes:
  
  • Water turns red: Possible adulteration.
  • No color change: Safe to eat.

7. Stretch Test

• Pull the paneer:
  
  • Real Paneer: Breaks apart without stretching.
  • Fake Paneer: May stretch like rubber due to chemical binders.

Is Analogue Paneer Legal in India?

Yes, selling analogue paneer is legal, provided it is clearly labeled as “analogue,” “imitation,” or “non-dairy.” The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) mandates accurate labeling. Mislabeling is punishable with fines or bans.

 What Can Consumers Do?

• Buy from trusted sources – Local dairies and reputed brands are safer options.
• Read labels carefully – Watch for terms like “analogue” or “imitation.”
• Make your own paneer – Curdling milk at home with lemon juice ensures purity.
• Conduct simple tests at home – Especially if you suspect foul play in taste or texture.

Final Thoughts

With the growing prevalence of adulterated foods, it’s crucial to be a well-informed consumer. Fake paneer may be cheap, but the cost to your health is far greater.

Choose wisely. Eat safely.
And next time you enjoy your favorite paneer dish, make sure it’s the real deal.